Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Omer Haq
University of Florida Department of Physics
Keynote: Title: Bound States in the Continuum in Elastic Structures
Time : 10:00 - 10:45
Biography:
At the age of 25, Omer Haq is currently approaching the final year of his PhD at the University of Florida. His research is focused on Scattering Theory with applications to Elastic/Electromagnetic Metamaterials, Photonics, Quantum Mechanics, and Acoustics. Currently he is in the processes of writing up/submitting three papers, two on BSC in Elastic Metamaterials and one on BSC in Electromagnetic Metamaterial.
Abstract:
Diffraction of elastic waves is considered for a system consisting of two parallel arrays of thin (subwavelength) cylinders that are arranged periodically.The embedding media supports waves with all polarizations, one longitudinal and two transverse, having different dispersion relations. An interaction with scatterers mixes longitudinal and transverse modes.It is shown that the system supports bound states in the continuum (BSC) that have no specific polarization, that is, there are standing waves localized in the scattering structure whose wave numbers lies in the first open diffraction channels for both longitudinal and transverse modes. BSCs are shown to exists only for specific distances between the arrays and for specific values of the wave vector component along the array.An analytic solution is obtained for BSCs containing coupled elastic waves with differentdispersion relations. For distances between the parallel arrays much larger than the wavelength, the existence of BSCs is explained by a destructive interference similar to the interference in a Fabri-Perot interferometer.
Keynote Forum
Roberto Zivieri
University of Messina, Messina, Italy
Keynote: The Problem of Entropy in Minimum Living Systems: a Classical Thermodynamic Approach
Time : 10:45 - 11:15
Biography:
Roberto Zivieri is a theoretical condensed matter physicist. He got the Master Degree in Medicine and Surgery and in Physics with honors, and the PhD in Physics (grade excellent) from the University of Modena, Italy. He is author of about 200 scientific contributions in international and reputed journals. He has been serving as an editorial board of repute. He is member of the APS, ACS and Italian Society of Mathematical Physics. He is winner of the APS Award “Outstanding Referees 2016” and of the Albert Nelson Lifetime Achievement Award. He is Editor-in-Chief of the book series “Theoretical and Computational Models in Condensed Matter Physics” for Aracne Publishing House in Rome.
Abstract:
An analytical model to compute the rate of entropy density, defined as the time derivative of the entropy, in minimum living systems is developed basing on the equations of heat and mass diffusion and on classical statistical thermodynamics. The model is applied to glucose catabolism in normal and cancer cells. It is shown that the rate of internal entropy is mainly due to irreversible chemical reactions, and that the rate of external entropy is mostly correlated to the heat flow towards the intercellular environment. It is found that the ratio between the rates of entropy associated to respiration and fermentation processes is invariant for heat and irreversible reactions. Prigogine’s minimum energy dissipation principle is reformulated using the notion of entropy density acceleration, defined as the derivative of the rate of entropy density, applied to glucose catabolism. For a single cell the calculated entropy density acceleration is finite and negative and approaches, as a function of time, a zero value at global thermodynamic equilibrium for heat and matter transfer independently of the cell type and the metabolic pathway. This trend is in agreement with the local formulation of the second principle of thermodynamics. These results could open the route towards other investigations focusing on the statistical thermodynamic description of glucose catabolism in human cells with special regard to entropy generation, balance and exchange.
Keynote Forum
Xinyu Tan1
Three Gorges University, Yichang
Keynote: High performance broadband antireflective superhydrophobic coatings for solar cell
Biography:
Xinyu Tan has completed her PhD from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, postdoctoral studies from Tsinghua University and senior visiting scholar from University of Michigan. She is a university professor in China Three Gorges university. She has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
High-performance, broadband antireflective (AR) and superhydrophobic coatings are fabricated on glass through deposition of silica nanoparticles with spin coating method, followed by calcination and hydrophobic modification. Silica particles with unique porous structures not only increase the roughness of the coating, but also enhance the transmittance of the glass. The coated glass has displayed a large transmittance of 99 % at wavelength of 580 nm, an absolute transmittance increase by 5% or more in the wavelength range of 430-900 nm, and an excellent hydrophobicity with a water contact angle (WCA) of 146° and a sliding angle < 10°. As a result, this coating effectively improves the short-circuit current density from 13.27 to 14.17 mA/cm2 and the conversion efficiency from 6.03 to 6.64 % for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), with a 10.12% improvement. This work thus has shown a promising approach to enhance the performance of solar cells with broadband antireflective coating surfaces.
Keynote Forum
Anna Backerra
Gualtherus Sylvanusstraat 2, 7412 DM Deventer, The Netherlands
Keynote: The development of complementary physics, affording a new view on phenomena
Biography:
Backerra has graduated in theoretical physics at the Eindhoven University of Technology in The Netherlands and worked for three years at Philips Research Laboratories. She continued independently, making a search for complementary physics. To develop a way of complementary thinking, she studied composition at the Conservatory in Enschede and in Saint Petersburg. After that she constructed a complementary mathematical language and applied this on physics, obtaining twin physics. The results are published in Physical Essays (3 papers), in Applied Physics Research (3 papers) and they are combined in a book (“Twin physics, the complementary model of phenomena”, Lambert Academic Publishing).
Abstract:
Nowadays physics is all about measurements: If a phenomenon cannot be measured, it will be ignored. Originally physics was a science of observing all phenomena, including those whose existence was not proved experimentally. When a century ago experimental results became increasingly counter-intuitive, scientists accepted that physics goes beyond human imagination. Many theories were developed to solve the apparent irreconcilability of quantum mechanics and relativity theory, but without success. The notion of complementarity started with the uncertainty principle of Heisenberg. Later he became convinced that physics can be described entirely in a complementary way, but not until forty years later a definition of complementarity was introduced by Jammer. This can also be applied to everyday life. Returning to the observational basics, a new window to the world is opened, bringing previously ignored or overlooked phenomena into view. Having enhanced our comprehension with this new view, we constructed a complementary foundation for physics, called twin physics. Central is a unit of potential energy, called the Heisenberg unit. Einstein, in his later work, suggested that four-dimensional spacetime might be not suited on a subatomic scale, so we considered time and space separately. He also suggested to describe phenomena geometrically, which we did. By applying twin physics the laws of Maxwell can easily be deduced. We described the four forces of nature, several types of protons, neutrons and electrons, and gravitational waves. In this lecture an overview of these developments will be given and possible applications in new technologies will be considered.
- Condensed Matter Physics, Materials Science and Engineering, Graphene
Chair
Omer Haq
University of Florida Department of Physics
Session Introduction
Vijay Ramdin Singh
University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
Title: Electronic structure and lattice dynamics of strongly correlated materials:
Time : 11:45 - 12: 15
Biography:
Vijay Ramdin Singh has completed his PhD at the age of 29 years from Indian Association of Cultivation of Scinece, Kolkata, India and at present doing his postdoctoral studies at University of Illinois, Chicago, USA. He has published more than 18 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Computational materials design of strongly correlated materials has been challenging in modern condensed matter physics since it requires the development of more accurate methodologies beyond density functional theory (DFT). In the present talk, I will discuss the recent development of an efficient computational method to treat dynamical correlations in these materials accurately. I use dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) in combination of with DFT to compute the electronic structure and lattice-dynamics of strongly correlated f- and d-electron systems, specifically, rareearth metals and LaNiO3. The main point of the debate in f-electron system is related to the understanding of the role played by f electrons — they are localized or itinerant, or more exactly how many f electrons are localized or itinerant. For this reason, the theoretical and experimental investigations of the electronic structure of rare-earth metals have always occupied an important position in rare-earth research. In LaNiO3, the electronic structure and its relation to lattice dynamics are still under debate. Here, I use the DMFT+DFT method implemented using the maximally localized Wannier function as the local basis set and combining various DFT codes to study electronic and structural properties of these materials. Our results will be also compared to other DMFT+DFT codes employing different local basis sets and DFT implementations.